Friday, December 17, 2010

Configuring VM Ware ESXi

How to Assign IP Address to VMware ESXi

1. Launch ESXi Console

To configure the ESXi, press F2 from the ESXi initial screen shown below.

2. Go to Network Configuration -> IP Configuration

Go to System Configuration -> Configure Management Network -> IP Configuration.

3. Change IP Address of ESXi Server

This will let you set the ip-address, subnet mask and default gateway of the VMware ESXi as shown below.

VMWare ESXi 4: How to Add Virtual Hard Disk (from Datastore) to a VM Using vSphere Client

If you are a sysadmin, who is responsible for managing multiple servers, you should learn the fundamentals of virtualization and implement it in your environment.
On a very high-level, you should get started by installing VMWare ESXi server, which can be managed using vSphere Client.

Using vSphere client, you can create several virtual machines.
If you have multiple hard drives installed on the server, you should first create a datastore.
Once a datastore is created, you can assign either full or part of the datastore’s storage to a virtual machine as explained in this article.

1. View Existing Disk Space Assigned to a VM

Launch vSphere Client -> Click on a specific virtual machine name from the left tree -> “Summary” Tab -> Under the “Resources” section in summary tab, it will display the following:
Provisioned: 24 GB
Not-Shared Storage: 24 GB
Used Storage: 24 GB
From here you can also notice that the datastore2 has 111.45 GB left.
Fig: Virtual machine Resources Disk Space Summary

2. Virtual Machine Properties

From the “Summary” tab, under “Commands” section, click on “Edit Settings” link, which will display the Virtual Machine properties window, as shown below.
Virtual Machine Properties -> Hardware tab -> Click on “Hard Disk 1″, which will display more details about the current disks that are assigned to the virtual machine.
Fig: Virtual Machine Hard Disk Properties

3. Add Hardware – Device Type (Hard Disk)

Click on “Add” button located at the top of the “Hardware” tab in the virtual machine properties dialogue, which will display the following add hardware wizard. Select Hard Disk and click Next.
Fig: Add Hardware Wizard – Select Hard Disk

4. Select a Disk – Create a new Virtual Disk

Select “Create a new Virtual Disk”. You also have an option of using an existing virtual disk, if it already has some space left in it.
Fig: Add Hardware Wizard – Select a Disk

5. Specify Virtual Disk Size and Provisioning Policy

In this example, since I know that datastore2 has 111 GB left, I’m using all of the available space from the datastore2.
In the Location, select “Specify a datastore” and choose the datastore where you want to create the virtual disk. In my case, I choose datastore2.
Fig: Specify Disk Size

6. Review New Disk Summary

Finally, review the options you’ve selected as shown below.
Fig: Summary of Virtual Hard Disk Creation

7. Virtual Disk created for VM

In the “Hardware” tab, you’ll now see a new hard disk listed as shown below.
Fig: New VM Hard Disk

8. Review New Disk Space for VM

Once the datastore is created, Click on a specific virtual machine name from the left tree -> “Summary” Tab -> Under the “Resources” section in summary tab, it will display that the provisioned size is 135 GB. Initially from step#1 above, it showed 24 GB. Now this shows the new virtual disk added to this virtual machine.
Reboot the virtual machine, for your operating system to pick-up this newly created disk space. If your previous disk is /dev/sda, this new disk will be /dev/sdb. You should partition and format this new /dev/sdb using fdisk mkfs command.



VMware: How to Create Virtual Machine and Install Guest OS using vSphere Client

Once you’ve installed VMware ESXi Server and vSphere client, you can start creating VM instance and install a guest operating system on it ( e.g. Linux, Windows, etc.,) as explained in this article.

1. Launch Create VM Wizard

Login to the ESXi server using vSphere Client. Provide the ESXi root username and password.
From the vSphere client menu, select File -> New -> Virtual Machine, which will launch the create new virtual machien wizard as shown below. Choose “Typical” for the configuration.

2. Specify the Virtual Machine Name

Specify the name of the VM instance in the “Name and Location” section. In this example, I gave db-server as the VM name.

3. Choose the Datastore

vSphere client will display all the datastore available in the ESXi server. In this example, there is only one datastore available with the name “datastore1″.

4. Choose Guest OS of the Virtual Machine

Choose from one of the following guest operating system that you would like to install.
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Linux
  • Novell NetWare
  • Solaris
  • Other
In the following example, I choose Linux and “Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (32-bit)” from the “Version” drop-down list.

Please note that creating virtual machine does not install the guest OS for you. You still have to do it once you’ve created the virtual machine.

5. Create a Disk for VM

Choose how much disk space you would like to allocated from the datastore for this particular VM. In this example, the available disk-space in the “datastore1″ is 130 GB. I’ve allocated 60 GB for the virtual disk of this particular VM.

6. VM – Ready to Install

The wizard will display your choices in the “Ready to Complete” section as shown below.

7. Virtual Machine Created – View Summary

Once the virtual machine is created, you can view the summary as shown below.

This displays following information about the VM.
  • Guest OS of the VM
  • CPU allocated for this VM
  • Memory (RAM) allocated for this VM
  • Disk space

8. Install the guest OS on the VM

Once the VM is installed, insert the guest OS CD in the cd-drive. In this example, the guest OS is Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5. So, I inserted the RHEL 5 cd in the cd-drive.

After this, you can install the Linux OS on the VM from the “Console” tab of the virtual machine as shown below.

How to Install VMware vSphere Client 4

How to Install VMware vSphere Client 4

If you have installed VMware ESXi server, you can manage the ESXi server using vSphere client. vSphere client works only on Windows host. If you don’t have vSphere client installed, download it from your local VMware Server home page. i.e go to http://{your-vmware-server-ip} to download vSphere client.
The direct url to download vSphere client from your installation of VMware server is: https://{your-vmware-server-ip}/client/VMware-viclient.exe

Install vSphere Client

Launch the VMware-vicilent.exe and follow the instructions to complete the setup. It is very straight forward.

Since you are installing vSphere client to manage the newly installed ESXi 4.0 server, you don’t need to select the ‘Install vSphere Host Update Utility’ check-box in the following screen.

Login to vSphere Client

After the installation, launch the vSphere client utility from your Windows host and provide the following information:
  • ip-address of the VMware ESXi server.
  • User name: root
  • Password: root password for the ESXi server.

Ignore Security Warning

You might get a pop-up message about the security warning. Select the ‘Install this certificate and do not display any security warnings for {your-ip-address}” check-box and click on ‘Ignore’.
VMware ESXi server is free. But, you should register at vmware website to get a license key. If you have not updated the ESXi server with the license key, you might also get the following “VMware Evaluation Notice” warning message.

VMware vSphere Client

You are now successfully logged-in to the vSphere client as shown below. In the upcoming articles, we’ll explain how to create new VM using vSphere client and how to manage a ESXi server using this utility.

install vmware esxi

VMware ESXi step-by-step Installation Guide with Screenshots


VMware ESXi is free. However, the software comes with a 60 days evaluation mode. You should register on VMware website to get your free license key to come out of the evaluation mode. Once the ESXi is installed, you can either user vSphere Client on the Direct Console User Interface to administer the host.

VMware ESXi is based on hypervisor architecture that runs directly on top of a hardware as shown below.

1. Download ESXi server

Get the software from the VMware ESXi download page.
Following are the various download options available. Select “ESXi 4.0 Update 1 Installable (CD ISO) Binary (.iso)” and burn a CD.
  • ESXi 4.0 Update 1 Installable (CD ISO)
  • Upgrade package from ESXi Server 3.5 to ESXi Server 4.0 Update 1
  • Upgrade package from ESXi Server 4.0 to ESXi Server 4.0 Update 1
  • VMware vSphere Client and Host Update Utility

2. VMware VMvisor Boot Menu

Once you insert the ESXi CD and reboot the server, it will display a boot menu with an option to launch “ESXi Installer” as shown below.

3. VMware ESXi Installer Loading

While the installer is loading all the necessary modules, it will display the server configuration information at the top as shown below. In this example, I was installing VMware ESXi 4.0 on a Dell PowerEdge 2950 server.

4. New ESXi Install

Since this is a new installation of ESXi, select “Install” in the following screen.

5. Accept VMware EULA

Read and accept the EULA by pressing F11.

6. Select a Disk to Install VMware ESXi

VMware ESXi 4.0.0 Installer will display all available disk groups. Choose the Disk where you would like to install the ESXi. It is recommended to choose the Disk0.

7. Confirm ESXi Installation

Confirm that you are ready to start the install process.

8. Installation in Progress

The installation process takes few minutes. While the ESXi is getting installed, it will display a progress bar as shown below.

9. ESXi Installation Complete

You will get the following installation completed message that will prompt you to reboot the server.

10. ESXi Initial Screen

After the ESXi is installed, you’ll get the following screen where you can configure the system by pressing F2.

Terminal Server Installation

Terminal Server Installation
 
The Terminal Server role service, known as the Terminal Server component in Windows Server® 2003, enables a Windows Server® 2008-based server to host Windows®-based programs or the full Windows desktop. From their own computing devices, users can connect to a terminal server to run programs and to use network resources on that server.
In Windows Server 2008, you must do the following to install the Terminal Server role service, and to configure the terminal server to host programs:
  1. Use Server Manager to install the Terminal Server role service.
  2. Install programs on the server.
  3. Configure remote connection settings. This includes adding users and groups that need to connect to the terminal server.
For information about Terminal Server installation prerequisites, see "Checklist: Terminal Server Installation Prerequisites" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=101636).

Installing the Terminal Server role service

You can use the following procedure to use Server Manager to install the Terminal Server role service on the computer if Terminal Services is not already installed on the server. If Terminal Services is already installed on the server, see Install the Terminal Server role service (when Terminal Services is already installed).
ImportantImportant
The installation of the Terminal Server role service requires the computer to be restarted.
Membership in the local Administrators group, or equivalent, on the terminal server that you plan to configure, is the minimum required to complete this procedure.
To install the Terminal Server role service
  1. Open Server Manager. To open Server Manager, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Server Manager.
  2. In the left pane, right-click Roles, and then click Add Roles.
  3. In the Add Roles Wizard, on the Before You Begin page, click Next.
  4. On the Select Server Roles page, under Roles, select the Terminal Services check box.
    noteNote
    If Terminal Services is already installed on the server, the Terminal Services check box will be selected and dimmed.
  5. Click Next.
  6. On the Terminal Services page, click Next.
  7. On the Select Role Services page, select the Terminal Server check box, and then click Next.
    noteNote
    If you are installing the Terminal Server role service on a domain controller, you will receive a warning message because installing the Terminal Server role service on a domain controller is not recommended. For more information, see "Installing Terminal Server on a Domain Controller" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109277).
  8. On the Uninstall and Reinstall Applications for Compatibility page, click Next.
  9. On the Specify Authentication Method for Terminal Server page, select the appropriate authentication method for the terminal server, and then click Next. For more information about authentication methods, see "Configure the Network Level Authentication Setting for a Terminal Server" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109280).
  10. On the Specify Licensing Mode page, select the appropriate licensing mode for the terminal server, and then click Next. For more information about licensing modes, see "Specify the Terminal Services Licensing Mode" in the Terminal Services Configuration Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=101638).
  11. On the Select User Groups Allowed Access To This Terminal Server page, add the users or user groups that you want to be able to remotely connect to this terminal server, and then click Next. For more information, see "Configure the Remote Desktop User Group" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109278).
  12. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, verify that the Terminal Server role service will be installed, and then click Install.
  13. On the Installation Progress page, installation progress will be noted.
  14. On the Installation Results page, you are prompted to restart the server to finish the installation process. Click Close, and then click Yes to restart the server.
  15. If you are prompted that other programs are still running, do either of the following:
    • To close the programs manually and restart the server later, click Cancel.
    • To automatically close the programs and restart the server, click Restart now.
  16. After the server restarts and you log on to the computer, the remaining steps of the installation will finish. When the Installation Results page appears, confirm that the installation of Terminal Server succeeded.
    You can also confirm that Terminal Server is installed by following these steps:
    1. Start Server Manager.
    2. Under Roles Summary, click Terminal Services.
    3. Under System Services, confirm that Terminal Services has a status of Running.
    4. Under Role Services, confirm that Terminal Server has a status of Installed.

Install the Terminal Server role service (when Terminal Services is already installed)

You can use the following procedure to install the Terminal Server role service when Terminal Services is already installed on the computer.
ImportantImportant
The installation of the Terminal Server role service requires the computer to be restarted.
Membership in the local Administrators group, or equivalent, on the terminal server that you plan to configure, is the minimum required to complete this procedure.
To install the Terminal Server role service when Terminal Services is already installed
  1. Open Server Manager. To open Server Manager, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Server Manager.
  2. In the left pane, expand Roles.
  3. Right-click Terminal Services, and then click Add Role Services.
  4. On the Select Role Services page, select the Terminal Server check box, and then click Next.
    noteNote
    If you are installing the Terminal Server role service on a domain controller, you will receive a warning message because installing the Terminal Server role service on a domain controller is not recommended. For more information, see "Installing Terminal Server on a Domain Controller" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109277).
  5. On the Uninstall and Reinstall Applications for Compatibility page, click Next.
  6. On the Specify Authentication Method for Terminal Server page, select the appropriate authentication method for the terminal server, and then click Next. For more information about authentication methods, see "Configure the Network Level Authentication Setting for a Terminal Server" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109280).
  7. On the Specify Licensing Mode page, select the appropriate licensing mode for the terminal server, and then click Next. For more information about licensing modes, see "Specify the Terminal Services Licensing Mode" in the Terminal Services Configuration Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=101638).
  8. On the Select User Groups Allowed Access To This Terminal Server page, add the users or user groups that you want to be able to remotely connect to this terminal server, and then click Next. For more information, see "Configure the Remote Desktop User Group" in the Terminal Server Help in the Windows Server 2008 Technical Library (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=109278).
  9. On the Confirm Installation Selections page, verify that the Terminal Server role service will be installed, and then click Install.
  10. On the Installation Progress page, installation progress will be noted.
  11. On the Installation Results page, you are prompted to restart the server to finish the installation process. Click Close, and then click Yes to restart the server.
  12. If you are prompted that other programs are still running, do either of the following:
    • To close the programs manually and restart the server later, click Cancel.
    • To automatically close the programs and restart the server, click Restart now.
  13. After the server restarts and you log on to the computer, the remaining steps of the installation will finish. When the Installation Results page appears, confirm that the installation of Terminal Server succeeded.
    You can also confirm that Terminal Server is installed by following these steps:
    1. Start Server Manager.
    2. Under Roles Summary, click Terminal Services.
    3. Under SystemServices, confirm that Terminal Services has a status of Running.
    4. Under Role Services, confirm that Terminal Server has a status of Installed.

Installing programs

Install programs on the terminal server after you have installed the Terminal Server role service. If you install the Terminal Server role service on a computer that already has programs installed, some of the existing programs may not work correctly in a multiple user environment.
Some programs may require minor setup modifications to run correctly on a terminal server.
Before you install a program on the terminal server, type change user /install at the command prompt to place the system in install mode. After the program is installed, type change user /execute at the command prompt to return the system to execute mode.
noteNote
If you install a program from an .msi package, you do not have to run these commands to switch the system in and out of install mode. Instead, you can run the .msi package or associated Setup file directly.
If you have programs that are related to each other or have dependencies on each other, we recommend that you install the programs on the same terminal server. For example, we recommend that you install Microsoft Office as a suite instead of installing individual Office programs on separate terminal servers.
You should consider putting individual programs on separate terminal servers in the following circumstances:
  • The program has compatibility issues that may affect other programs.
  • A single program and the number of associated users may fill server capacity.

Configuring remote connection settings

By default, remote connections are enabled after you install the Terminal Server role service. You can use the following procedure to add users and groups that need to connect to the terminal server, and to verify or to change remote connection settings.
Membership in the local Administrators group, or equivalent, on the terminal server that you plan to configure, is the minimum required to complete this procedure.
To configure remote connection settings
  1. Start the System tool. To start the System tool, use either of the following methods:
    • Click Start, and then click Control Panel. In Control Panel, double-click System.
    • Click Start, click Run, type control system and then click OK.
  2. Under Tasks, click Remote Settings.
  3. In the System Properties dialog box, on the Remote tab, click either of the following, depending on your environment:
    • Allow connections from computers running any version of Remote Desktop   By default, this option is enabled. Use this option if users will access the terminal server from any client computers that are running a version of the RDC client that does not support Network Level Authentication.
    • Allow connections only from computers running Remote Desktop with Network Level Authentication   Use this option if all client computers that will access the terminal server are running a version of the RDC client that supports Network Level Authentication. If a client that does not support Network Level Authentication tries to connect, they will receive an authentication error message.
    For more information about the two options, click the Help me choose link on the Remote tab.
  4. Click Select Users to add the users and groups that need to connect to the terminal server by using Remote Desktop. The users and groups that you add are added to the Remote Desktop Users group.
    Members of the local Administrators group can connect even if they are not listed.
    If you select Don't allow connections to this computer on the Remote tab, no users will be able to connect remotely to this computer, even if they are members of the Remote Desktop Users group.
To determine whether a computer is running a version of the RDC client that supports Network Level Authentication, start the RDC client, click the icon in the upper-left corner of the Remote Desktop Connection dialog box, and then click About. Look for the phrase "Network Level Authentication supported" in the About Remote Desktop Connection dialog box.

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) LAMP Server Setup

In around 15 minutes, the time it takes to install Ubuntu Server Edition, you can have a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP) server up and ready to go. This feature, exclusive to Ubuntu Server Edition, is available at the time of installation.
The LAMP option means you don’t have to install and integrate each of the four separate LAMP components, a process which can take hours and requires someone who is skilled in the installation and configuration of the individual applications. Instead, you get increased security, reduced time-to-install, and reduced risk of misconfiguration, all of which results in a lower cost of ownership.New pre-configured installation options have been added to the Ubuntu Server. Mail Server, File Server, Print Server, and Database Server options join existing LAMP and DNS options for pre-configured installations, easing the deployment of common server configurations.
Ubuntu LAMP server Install the following Versions
Ubuntu Hardy Heron 8.04
Apache 2.2.8
Mysql 5.0.51a
PHP 5.2.4
First you need to download server version of Ubuntu version from here after that you create a CD and start booting with the CD Once it starts booting you should see the following screen in this you need to select your language and press enter
Now you need to select “Install Ubuntu Server” and press enter
Ubuntu Server CD is loading in Progress

Choose you language and press enter you can see we have selected english in the follwoing screen
Choose your location and press enter you can see we have have selected United Kingdom in the following screen
If you want to try to have your keyboard layout detected by pressing a series of keys you need to select yes option and if you don’t want that and you want to choose from a list click no in this example we have selected no and press enter
Select Origin of keyboard and press enter
Select keyboard layout and press enter
Detecting hardware to find CD-ROM Drivers in progress
Scanning CD-ROM in Progress
Loading additional components progress bar
Detecting Network hardware is in progress
Configures the network with DHCP if there is a DHCP server in the network
Enter the Hostname of the system so in this example i enter here as ubuntulamp
Startingup the partitioner in progress
you have to partition your hard disk in this example i have selected use entire disk option if you want to edit manually you can choose manual and press enter
Warning message about data lost on your hard disk
Creating partitions in your hard disk is in progress
Write the changes to disk option here you need to select yes and press enter
Creating ext3 filesystem in progress
Installing base system is in progress
You need enter the Full name of the user you want to create for your server in this example i have created administrator user select continue and press enter

username for your account in this i have entered test select continue and press enter

Entered the password for test user select continue and press enter
Confirm the password for test user select continue and press enter
Configuring the package manager select continue and press enter
Configuring package mirror this will be related to your country option
Now it will start Installing software and here you need to select the server options here i have selected as LAMP and OpenSSH server for our LAMP server installation
At the time of software installation it will prompt for mysql server root password enter root password of your choice and select continue
Confirm mysql server root password and select continue
Software installation is in progress
Installing GRUB Boot loader in progress
Finishing installation in Progress
Installation complete message here you need to remove your CD select continue and press enter it will reboot your server
After rebooting you can see the following screen prompt for username
This will complete the Ubuntu LAMP Server Installation and your server is ready for installing applications which supports apache,mysql and php.
Configuring Static ip address in Ubuntu server
Ubuntu installer has configured our system to get its network settings via DHCP, Now we will change that to a static IP address for this you need to edit Edit /etc/network/interfaces and enter your ip address details (in this example setup I will use the IP address 172.19.0.10):
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
and enter the following save the file and exit
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 172.19.0.10
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 172.19.0.0
broadcast 172.19.0.255
gateway 172.19.0.1
Now you need to restart your network services using the following command
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
You need to setup manually DNS servers in resolv.conf file when you are not using DHCP.
sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf
You need to add look something like this
search domain.com
nameserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
GUI Installation for Ubuntu LAMP Server
Option1
If you are a new user and not familiar with command prompt you can install GUI for your ubuntu LAMP server for this you need to make sure you have enabled Universe and multiverse repositories in /etc/apt/sources.list file once you have enable you need to use the following command to install GUI
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
The above command will install GNOME desktop if you want to install KDE desktop use the following command
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
Option2
Installing Webmin in Ubuntu Hardy Heron
Webmin is a web-based interface for system administration for Unix. Using any modern web browser, you can setup user accounts, Apache, DNS, file sharing and much more. Webmin removes the need to manually edit Unix configuration files like /etc/passwd, and lets you manage a system from the console or remotely.
You can install webmin for your server web interface to configure apache,mysql servers.Now we will see how to install webmin in Ubuntu 8.04
Preparing your system
First you need to install the following packages
sudo apt-get install perl libnet-ssleay-perl openssl libauthen-pam-perl libpam-runtime libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl
Now download the latest webmin using the following command
wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin_1.420_all.deb
Now we have webmin_1.420_all.deb package install this package using the following command
sudo dpkg -i webmin_1.420_all.deb
This will complete the installation.
Ubuntu in particular don’t allow logins by the root user by default. However, the user created at system installation time can use sudo to switch to root. Webmin will allow any user who has this sudo capability to login with full root privileges.
Now you need to open your web browser and enter the following
https://your-server-ip:10000/
Now you should see similar to the following Screen
After login if you want to configure Apache,Mysql server you need to click on Servers on your lefthand side you should many servers are ready to configure
This is very Easy to configure most of the servers and Enjoy your new Ubuntu Hardy Heron LAMP Server.